The phoneme

v  Phonemes = the smallest contrastive unit in the sound system.

v  Phonemes = the smallest unit of sound in a word that can differentiate meanings.

For example:

-       pig                         - big                 - dig

/ pIg/                     /bIg/                 /dIg/

(Phonemes: /p/, /b/, /g/)

-       thing                     -thin

/θɪŋ/                      /θɪn/

(Phonemes: /ŋ/, /n/

v  Phonology = the study of sounds and speech pattern in a language.

v  This word originates from Greek word “phonema” which means “sounds”.

v  Phonology = the study of the inventory of sounds in a language of how speech sounds may pattern together or contrast.

v  RP (Received Pronunciation) is the standard accent of Standard English in England.

v  RP according to “Concise Oxford English Dict.” is the standard accent of English as spoken in the South of England”.

v  IPA ( International Phonetics Association of Alphabet)

 v  NA = Northern America (America accent/ America English)

Sounds :

1. Segmental phonemes (sounds) are that arrange a word.

2. Suprasegmental sound features that always accompany the segmental.

For Example :

-       Splash /s p l a ʃ / 1    2  3  4  5	Stress Intonation Pitch Length
-       Age / eI dʒ/                                  1     2 -       Looked / l u k t /                               1   2   3   4	Bit  –   beat /bIt/ -   /bi:t/ Short   long

SAARAH KURNIAWATI

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