Contrast
a. Direct Opposition
§ Ali worked hard. On
the other hand/In contrast/ However,
Okan hardly did any work at all.
§ Metin is lazy. However, his brother is quite diligent
(=hard working).
§ George is an optimist. In
contrast/However/, Bill is a pessimist.
§ Extroverts love crowds. In
contrast, introverts prefer solitude.
§ Six is more than five; conversely, five is less than six.
b. Denial of
Expectation (Unexpected result)
§ She studied diligently
for several months. Nevertheless/However/Yet/Nonetheless,
she failed.
§ George is very handsome. Yet, he is not popular with girls.
§ My uncle is 70 years old
now. Nonetheless, he maintains his
interest in legal matters.
§ It's raining. Even so, we must go out.
Result
§ He passed his exams. Therefore/Thus/Hence/Accordingly/Consequently,
he had some good news to tell his parents.
§ Professor Brown is an
outstanding scientist. Hence, he is
highly respected.
§ He has been studying hard
for a long time. Thus, he has made
considerable progress.
§ He lacks self-confidence.
As a consequence, he is unlikely to
be successful.
§ The demand has increased
sharply. Accordingly, the prices are
higher now.
Addition
and Listing
§ Aykut plays football. Moreover/ Besides/ Also, he runs a
restaurant.
§ Necla writes short
stories, in addition, she writes articles for a newspaper.
§ To prepare his homework, Jack went
through various history books. Furthermore, he took notes from several
encyclopedias.
§ During her spare time, Ayla
practices the piano; in addition, she plays the violin.
§ I prefer to buy fruits and
vegetables in the open market because they are quite cheap there. Besides,
they are much fresher than fruits and vegetables sold at the greengrocers'.
§ Living in a big city offers
good job opportunities. Also, it provides good educational
opportunities.
§ All docs not have a gift for
music. Moreover, he lacks motivation to practice music. Therefore, he
can't become a good musician.
§ Owning a car has some advantages. First
(First of all/Firstly/ To begin with), it gives you
comfort. Secondly, it saves you a lot of time. Thirdly, it gives
you great freedom of movement.
Time
§ I read the morning papers for a
while. Afterwards, I took a shower.
§ First pick up the receiver and then
insert a coin into the coin-box.
§ At first, I had great difficulty with
grammar Later, however , I was able to overcome these difficulties by
studying hard.
§ The party is Tuesday, but in
the meantime I have to shop and prepare the food.
§ They'll be here soon. Meanwhile,
let's have coffee.
Exemplification
§ Women generally live longer than
men. For instance, in the United States life expectancy for women is 75,
while it is 73 for men.
§ Earthquakes can be highly
destructive. To illustrate, the earthquake which occurred in Erzincan in
1939 devastated the whole town, killing more than 35,000 people.
@saarwati
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